In Search of Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Psychoneurological and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Translation Factors DENR and eIF2D

---

Kseniya A. Zamyatnina^1,2,a*

¹Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia

²Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: August 15, 2025; Revised: October 28, 2025; Accepted: October 29, 2025

---

A rising global prevalence of psychoneurological and neurodegenerative disorders emphasizes the critical need for effective therapeutics and methods for early and highly sensitive diagnostics in order to ensure efficient and timely treatment of these disorders. Expanding the range of available biomarkers for better characterization of disease features and progression is a promising direction in modern diagnostics. The discovery of novel biomarkers depends on elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying disease development and pathogenesis. Numerous psychoneurological and neurodegenerative disorders are associated with the dysregulation of protein translation. The review summarizes information on the action mechanisms of translation factors DENR and eIF2D and evaluates their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for psychoneurological and neurodegenerative diseases.

---

KEY WORDS: psychoneurological and neurodegenerative disorders, translation, DENR, eIF2D, biomarkers

DOI: 10.1134/S000629792560259X

Publisher’s Note. Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

---