REVIEW: Development of Graphene-Based Materials with the Targeted Action for Cancer Theranostics

---

Konstantin N. Semenov^1,2,3,a*, Olga S. Shemchuk^1,2, Sergei V. Ageev^1,2, Pavel A. Andoskin¹, Gleb O. Iurev¹, Igor V. Murin², Pavel K. Kozhukhov², Dmitriy N. Maystrenko³, Oleg E. Molchanov³, Dilafruz K. Kholmurodova⁴, Jasur A. Rizaev⁴, Vladimir V. Sharoyko^1,2,3,b*

¹Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia

²Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia

³Granov Russian Research Centre for Radiology and Surgical Technologies, 197758 Saint Petersburg, Russia

⁴Samarkand Medical University, Samarkand, 100400, Uzbekistan

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: May 30, 2024; Revised: July 11, 2024; Accepted: July 13, 2024

---

The review summarises the prospects in the application of graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) in nanomedicine, including drug delivery, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, and theranostics in cancer treatment. The application of GBNs in various areas of science and medicine is due to the unique properties of graphene allowing the development of novel ground-breaking biomedical applications. The review describes current approaches to the production of new targeting graphene-based biomedical agents for the chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy of tumors. Analysis of publications and FDA databases showed that despite numerous clinical studies of graphene-based materials conducted worldwide, there is a lack of information on the clinical trials on the use of graphene-based conjugates for the targeted drug delivery and diagnostics. The review will be helpful for researchers working in development of carbon nanostructures, material science, medicinal chemistry, and nanobiomedicine.

---

KEY WORDS: graphene, graphene-based nanomaterials, drug delivery, theranostics

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297924080029

Publisher’s Note. Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

---