REVIEW: Enhancement of Declarative Memory: From Genetic Regulation to Non-invasive Stimulation

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D. V. Bryzgalov^1,a*, I. L. Kuznetsova², and E. I. Rogaev^2,3,4,5,b*

¹Memory, Oscillations, Brain States (MOBS) Team, Brain Plasticity Unit, CNRS UMR 8249, ESPCI Paris, Paris, France

²Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia

³Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester MA 01605, USA

⁴Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, 119234 Moscow, Russia

⁵Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, 119234 Moscow, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received June 9, 2018; Revision received June 25, 2018

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The problem of memory enhancement is extremely important in intellectual activity areas and therapy of different types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The attempts to solve this problem have come from different research fields. In the first part of our review, we describe the results of targeting certain genes involved in memory-associated molecular pathways. The second part of the review is focused on the deep stimulation of brain structures that can slow down memory loss in AD. The third part describes the results of the use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for memory modulation, consolidation, and retrieval in healthy people and animal models. Integration of data from different research fields is essential for the development of efficient strategies for memory enhancement.

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KEY WORDS: memory, Alzheimer’s disease, brain stimulation, hippocampus, CREB pathway

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297918090146

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