REVIEW: Targeting XPO1-Dependent Nuclear Export in Cancer

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Ekaterina Kim^1,a*, Daria A. Mordovkina², and Alexey Sorokin¹

¹The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 77030 Houston, TX, USA

²Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received September 22, 2021; Revised September 29, 2021; Accepted October 8, 2021

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Nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules is tightly regulated in eukaryotic cells. XPO1 is a transport factor responsible for the nuclear export of several hundred protein and RNA substrates. Elevated levels of XPO1 and recurrent mutations have been reported in multiple cancers and linked to advanced disease stage and poor survival. In recent years, several novel small-molecule inhibitors of XPO1 were developed and extensively tested in preclinical cancer models and eventually in clinical trials. In this brief review, we summarize the functions of XPO1, its role in cancer, and the latest results of clinical trials of XPO1 inhibitors.

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KEY WORDS: XPO1, nuclear export, SINE, selinexor, cancer

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297922140140

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