REVIEW: Diverse Regulation of YB-1 and YB-3 Abundance in Mammals

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Irina A. Eliseeva^1,a#*, Ekaterina M. Sogorina^1,b#, Egor A. Smolin^1,c, Ivan V. Kulakovskiy^1,2,d, and Dmitry N. Lyabin^1,e*

¹Institute of Protein Research, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

²Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, 119991 Moscow, Russia

^# These authors contributed equally to this study.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received August 31, 2021; Revised September 13, 2021; Accepted September 17, 2021

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YB proteins are DNA/RNA binding proteins, members of the family of proteins with cold shock domain. Role of YB proteins in the life of cells, tissues, and whole organisms is extremely important. They are involved in transcription regulation, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA translation and stability, mRNA packaging into mRNPs, including stress granules, DNA repair, and many other cellular events. Many processes, from embryonic development to aging, depend on when and how much of these proteins have been synthesized. Here we discuss regulation of the levels of YB-1 and, in part, of its homologs in the cell. Because the amount of YB-1 is immediately associated with its functioning, understanding the mechanisms of regulation of the protein amount invariably reveals the events where YB-1 is involved. Control over the YB-1 abundance may allow using this gene/protein as a therapeutic target in cancers, where an increased expression of the YBX1 gene often correlates with the disease severity and poor prognosis.

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KEY WORDS: YB-1, YB-3, transcription regulation, translational regulation, mRNA stability, protein stability, nucleocytoplasmic transport

DOI: 10.1134/S000629792214005X

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