Innate Immunity and Phenoptosis

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Boris V. Chernyak^1,a* and Konstantin G. Lyamzaev^1,2,b

¹Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia

²Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 129226 Moscow, Russia

Received October 24, 2022; Revised November 14, 2022; Accepted November 14, 2022

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The hypothesis is proposed that activation of innate immunity is the primary mechanism of phenoptosis (programmed death of an organism). In support of the hypothesis, we discuss (i) the data on active release of signaling molecules from the cell producing excessive inflammation; (ii) the data on contribution of mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species to immune response.

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KEY WORDS: pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), mitochondrially-targeted antioxidants, inflammation, inflammasome, programmed death, phenoptosis

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297922120185

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