Effect of Dynamic and Static Load on the Concentration of Myokines in the Blood Plasma and Content of Sodium and Potassium in Mouse Skeletal Muscles

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Tatiana A. Kironenko¹, Kseniya G. Milovanova¹, Anna N. Zakharova¹, Svetlana V. Sidorenko², Elizaveta A. Klimanova^1,2,a, Elena Yu. Dyakova¹, Anna A. Orlova¹, Elena S. Negodenko¹, Yuliya G. Kalinnikova¹, Sergei N. Orlov^1,2#, and Leonid V. Kapilevich^1,b*

¹National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia

²Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

^# Deceased.

Received July 9, 2020; Revised September 15, 2020; Accepted September 29, 2020

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Modulation of cytokine production by physical activity is of considerable interest, since it might be a promising strategy for correcting metabolic processes at both cellular and systemic levels. The content of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15 in the plasma and the concentration of monovalent cations in the skeletal muscles of trained and untrained mice were studied at different periods after static and dynamic exercises. Dynamic loads caused an increase in the IL-6 content and decrease in the IL-15 content in the plasma of untrained mice, but produced no effect on the concentration of IL-8. In trained mice, the effect of a single load on the concentration of IL-6 and IL-15 in the plasma was enhanced, while the concentration of IL-8 decreased. Static loads produced a similar, but more pronounced effect on the plasma concentration of IL-6 and IL-15 compared the dynamic exercises; however, the concentration of IL-8 in response to the static exercise increased significantly. Prior training reinforced the described response for all the myokines studied. Dynamic load (swimming) increased the intracellular content of sodium but decreased the content of potassium in the mouse musculus soleus. Similar response was observed after the static load (grid hanging) in the musculus biceps; but no correlation of this response with the prior training was found. Possible mechanisms involved in the regulation of cytokine secretion after exercise are discussed, including triggering of gene transcription in response to changes in the [Na⁺]_i/[K⁺]_I ratio.

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KEY WORDS: physical activity, myokines, ions, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, transcription, translation

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297921030123

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