REVIEW: Prolactin Receptor Isoforms as the Basis of Tissue-Specific Action of Prolactin in the Norm and Pathology

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P. A. Abramicheva^1,a* and O. V. Smirnova¹

¹Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, 119991 Moscow, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received April 6, 2018; Revised October 25, 2018; Accepted October 25, 2018

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The review describes functional and structural features of different isoforms of prolactin receptor, mechanisms of signaling pathway activation, and molecular messengers involved in the transmission and termination of signal from the prolactin receptor isoforms. Changes in the ratio between prolactin receptor isoforms, key mediators of prolactin signal transduction and termination in various organs and tissues, are analyzed. Special attention is given to the role of molecular mediators and the ratio between the isoforms in normal physiological functions and pathologies. Approaches for therapeutic correction of prolactin signaling impairments are discussed.

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KEY WORDS: prolactin, prolactin receptor isoforms, STAT proteins, SOCS and PIAS proteins, prolactin signaling, prolactin receptor knockout

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297919040011

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