Genetic Aspects of Preeclampsia: The Role of Polymorphisms in the Genes of the Renin–Angiotensin System

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E. V. Timokhina^1,a*, A. N. Strizhakov¹, I. V. Ignatko¹, V. S. Belousova¹, and S. M. Ibragimova¹

¹Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received August 13, 2018; Revised September 24, 2018; Accepted September 24, 2018

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Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe complication that develops in 10% pregnant women. It is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The goal of this study was to reveal the frequency of polymorphisms in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE I/D) and type 1 angiotensin II receptor gene (AGTR1 A1166C) in pregnant women with severe early- and late-onset PE. A retrospective case–control study of 55 pregnant women with PE (main group) and 30 patients with uncomplicated pregnancy (control group) was conducted. In the main group, we considered two subgroups – early-onset PE (20 patients) and late-onset PE (36 patients). The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene is associated with the risk of developing PE. The presence of the D allele increases the risk of severe PE. In case of DD genotype, the probability of early-onset PE is 5 times higher than that of the late-onset PE. The analyzed data confirm the involvement of renin–angiotensin system in the PE development. We conclude that the ACE gene polymorphism is a genetic predictor of the early-onset severe PE. Studying the polymorphic loci of the ACE gene makes it possible to use them for the individualized prognosis of the development and course of PE in patients.

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KEY WORDS: early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia, angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE I/D polymorphism, angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism, AGTR1 A1166C

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297919020093

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