REVIEW: Role of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in DNA Repair

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A. A. Kosova¹, S. N. Khodyreva^1,2, and O. I. Lavrik^1,2*

¹Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia

²Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; E-mail: lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received November 18, 2016; Revision received December 30, 2016

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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is widely known as a glycolytic enzyme. Nevertheless, various functions of GAPDH have been found that are unrelated to glycolysis. Some of these functions presume interaction of GAPDH with DNA, but the mechanism of its translocation to the nucleus is not fully understood. When in the nucleus, GAPDH participates in the initiation of apoptosis and transcription of genes involved in antiapoptotic pathways and cell proliferation and plays a role in the regulation of telomere length. Several authors have shown that GAPDH displays the uracil-DNA glycosylase activity and interacts with some types of DNA damages, such as apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, nucleotide analogs, and covalent DNA adducts with alkylating agents. Moreover, GAPDH can interact with proteins participating in DNA repair, such as APE1, PARP1, HMGB1, and HMGB2. In this review, the functions of GAPDH associated with DNA repair are discussed in detail.

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KEY WORDS: GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, protein–DNA interactions, DNA repair, AP site

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297917060013

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