Polysaccharides of Basidiomycetes. Alkali-Soluble Polysaccharides from the Mycelium of White Rot Fungus Ganoderma lucidum (Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst

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M. S. Evsenko^1,2, A. S. Shashkov¹, A. V. Avtonomova², L. M. Krasnopolskaya², and A. I. Usov^1*

¹Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia; fax: (499) 135-5328; E-mail: usov@ioc.ac.ru

²Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, B. Pirogovskaya ul. 11, 119992 Moscow, Russia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received March 7, 2008

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Two polysaccharides were isolated from submergedly cultured mycelium of the basidiomycete Ganoderma lucidum by extraction with alkali followed by fractionation with Fehling reagent. The polysaccharides were shown to be a linear (1→3)-α-D-glucan and a highly branched xylomannan containing a backbone built up of (1→3)-linked α-D-mannopyranose residues, the majority of which are substituted at O-4 by single β-D-xylopyranose residues or by disaccharide fragments β-D-Manp-(1→3)-β-D-Xylp-(1→. Polysaccharide structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy in combination with methylation analysis and periodate oxidation. An interesting feature of the xylomannan is the simultaneous presence of α-D-mannopyranose and β-D-mannopyranose residues, the first forming the backbone, and the second being the non-reducing terminal units of disaccharide side chains.

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KEY WORDS: Basidiomycetes, white rot fungi, Ganoderma lucidum, polysaccharides, (→3)-α-D-glucan, branched xylomannan, NMR spectroscopy

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297909050083

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