REVIEW: Redox Regulation of Cellular Functions

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O. N. Oktyabrsky^* and G. V. Smirnova

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Urals Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, 614081 Perm', Russia; fax: (3422) 446-711; E-mail: oktyabr@iegm.ru

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received February 13, 2006; Revision received October 16, 2006

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Maintenance of normal intracellular redox status plays an important role in such processes as DNA synthesis, gene expression, enzymatic activity, and others. In addition, it is clear that changes in the redox status of intracellular content and individual molecules, resulting from stress or intrinsic cellular activity, are involved in the regulation of different processes in cells. Small changes in intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species participate in intracellular signaling. Thiol-containing molecules, such as glutathione, thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and peroxiredoxins, also play an important role in maintaining redox homeostasis and redox regulation. This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge about redox regulation in different cell types.

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KEY WORDS: redox regulation, reactive oxygen species, mitochondria, apoptosis

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297907020022

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